The Development Course and Valuable Experience of China's Manufacturing Industry
Release time:
2019-12-29
In the 70 years since the founding of New China, our country has ushered in a great leap from standing up, getting rich to becoming strong. As the main pillar of the national economy, an important source of technological innovation, and the material guarantee of people's lives, the manufacturing industry has played an important role in promoting economic and social development. The manufacturing industry of New China started on the basis of "one poor and two white". After 70 years of development, the scale of my country's manufacturing industry has continued to expand, and my country has become a veritable "world factory" and the world's largest manufacturing country.
Manufacturing industry has made great achievements since the founding of new China
At the beginning of its establishment, New China was a typical agricultural country with a very weak industrial foundation, a very imperfect industrial system, and a very low level of industrialization. According to the data, in terms of net output value, agriculture accounts for 84.5 per cent of the industrial and agricultural structure, while industry accounts for 15.5 per cent, of which heavy industry accounts for only 4.5 per cent. After 70 years of construction and development, China's manufacturing industry has made great historic achievements. According to the data of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization, the added value of China's 22 major manufacturing industries ranks first in the world, of which textile, clothing, leather, basic metals and other industries account for more than 30% of the world's added value. The output of hundreds of major manufacturing products, such as steel, copper, cement, fertilizer, chemical fiber, power generation, shipbuilding, automobiles, computers, notebook computers, printers, televisions, air conditioners, washing machines and so on, ranks first in the world. It can be said that my country has transformed from a poor and weak agricultural country at the beginning of the founding of New China to a manufacturing country with the world's most complete industrial system and the most complete industrial supporting facilities and the world's most important processing and manufacturing base.
Over the past 70 years, China's manufacturing industry has not only achieved quantitative expansion, but also significantly improved the quality of development. On the whole, my country's scientific and technological innovation capabilities have developed by leaps and bounds, and the number of SCI papers published, patent applications and authorizations has ranked among the top in the world for many years. my country's manufacturing industry has also achieved major breakthroughs in many high-tech fields. Large-scale oil refining equipment of 10 million tons, ultra-supercritical thermal power units, complete sets of 750 kV AC power transmission and transformation equipment, as well as 600000 tons of ethylene, 300000 tons of synthetic ammonia, and million Ton-level potash fertilizer and other technical equipment have achieved independent and controllable technology, and the technical level ranks among the top in the world. High-speed railway locomotives and systems have become beautiful business cards of "Made in China, in a series of cutting-edge areas have entered the world's" first echelon ".
The development of the manufacturing industry has seized an important historical opportunity.
The historic achievements of China's manufacturing industry are inseparable from the self-reliance and hard work of the people of the whole country. at the same time, it also stems from the good grasp of major development opportunities such as the new scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, globalization and the division of labor in the global value chain, and the transformation of the mode of production.
At the beginning of the founding of New China, the scientific and technological revolution represented by the large-scale commercial application of nuclear energy and information technology was on the rise. We have concentrated our efforts on the construction of heavy industry and national defense industry, especially the development of electronics and nuclear industry, and made great achievements. We have become one of the few countries in the world with nuclear weapons and satellites. We have not only improved our international status, but also enhanced our national defense security capability, created a stable international environment for China's follow-up development, and laid a necessary material and talent foundation for the development of manufacturing industry.
From a global perspective, after World War II, driven by a series of multilateral and bilateral economic and trade agreements, international trade and investment barriers have continued to decline, coupled with the accelerated development of emerging technologies, economic globalization has become a major trend in world development, and people, goods and capital The level of free flow continues to increase. Especially under the promotion of information technology and shipping technology, the modularization degree of products has been continuously improved, which has improved the decomposability of production. The development of communication technology has greatly reduced the transaction cost of international economic and trade exchanges. The development of container, aviation and other technologies has significantly reduced the transportation cost. The international division of labor consists of the level of developed countries exporting manufactured goods and importing raw materials while developing countries exporting raw materials and importing manufactured goods, to the global value chain division of labor, that is, the vertical division of labor within the industry and within the product. my country's reform and opening up has grasped the trend of offshore outsourcing and global vertical division of labor in developed countries, gave full play to the advantages of abundant labor and low cost, quickly integrated into the global division of labor, and carried the labor-intensive nature of the global value chain of multinational companies in developed countries. Transfer of links. China's accession to the WTO in 2001, further reducing the barriers to joining the global division of labor system, the rapid development of the world's major processing and manufacturing base.
At present, a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation is in the ascendant. A new generation of information technologies such as cloud computing, big data, Internet of Things, and artificial intelligence are pushing the manufacturing industry into the era of intelligence, and personalized customization models have emerged. With the development of artificial intelligence technology from laboratory to industrialization, both national and enterprise levels are actively promoting the intelligent transformation of manufacturing industry. Manufacturing enterprises are constantly using information technology to optimize production lines and improve product structure, so as to improve production efficiency and product quality, and can respond to changes in the international market more quickly. Through intelligent transformation such as machine substitution and the use of artificial intelligence technology for product testing, while improving production efficiency and maintaining the advantages of "made in China" with high quality and low price, we will further improve the performance and quality of Chinese products, and promote the transformation from "made in China" to "made in China" and "Chinese products" to "Chinese brands.
It can be said that the 70 years after the founding of New China are also 70 years of significant changes in China's mode of production. China's manufacturing industry firmly seizes the major opportunities given by the times, always maintains and strengthens international competitiveness, and lays a solid foundation for better development in the future.
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